Title: Adaptive dynamics and evolutionary chains Abstract: Adaptive dynamics is a mathematical theory that links population dynamics to long-term evolution driven by mutation and selection. Adaptive dynamics thus deals with processes on two different time scales: a fast ecological time scale and a slow evolutionary time scale. On the ecological time scale adaptive dynamics addresses questions such as which mutant strategies can invade a population of given resident strategies, and what will be the outcome of such an invasion in terms of which strategies remain and which are eliminated from the population when a new population dynamical attractor is reached. On the evolutionary time scale adaptive dynamics addresses the question how the set of strategies present in a population changes over a long time scale as a consequence of many successive invasion-elimination events. In this talk I first present some of the basic ideas and techniques of adaptive dynamics. In the second half of the talk I will focus on a specific class of difference inclusions (called evolutionary chains) as a basic model of long term evolution in adaptive dynamics.